President Biden’s Fraying Coalition
Young, suburban and Hispanic voters are deserting him, giving Trump a lead in presidential election polls.
WSJ
By
William A. Galston
March 5, 2024 1:04 pm ET
The general election begins this week. When all the Super Tuesday votes are counted and delegates allocated, both President Biden and
Donald Trumpwill have insurmountable leads for their parties’ presidential nominations. Mr. Biden will state his case for re-election on Thursday evening when he delivers this year’s State of the Union address.
On cue, major media organizations including the
New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, CBS News and Fox News released stage-setting surveys with similar findings: Mr. Trump leads Mr. Biden by between 2 and 5 points nationwide, and the inclusion of minor-party and independent candidates modestly expands Mr. Trump’s margin.
Polls are snapshots, not predictions, but the correlation between current results and final outcomes will increase as we near the election. Even if there are surprises along the way—and it would be shocking if there aren’t any—we can assess the strengths and weaknesses of the major-party candidates as the opening gun sounds.
Broadly speaking, the coalition that gave Mr. Trump 47% of the vote in 2020 remains intact, while Mr. Biden’s winning coalition has frayed significantly. According to the New York Times/Siena poll, 97% of those who voted for Mr. Trump four years ago intend to do so again in 2024, compared with 83% for Mr. Biden. Ten percent of Mr. Biden’s former supporters say that they will switch to Mr. Trump. This helps explain the top-line numbers: Mr. Biden outpolled Mr. Trump in 2020 by nearly 4.5 points but now trails him by 2.1, a 6.6-point swing.
Key blocs in the Democratic coalition have eroded. In 2020 Mr. Biden won 18- to 29-year-old voters by 24 points; now his lead is half that. He won in the suburbs by 11 points but leads by only 2 now. His lead among black voters has fallen from 84 points to just 43, and it would be a historic shift if Mr. Trump comes anywhere near the 23% support the poll found. Mr. Biden prevailed among Hispanic voters by 21 points in 2020 but now trails by 6 in this expanding group.
This result for Hispanics may seem hard to believe, but it’s consistent with other findings. Only 16% of Hispanics say that economic conditions are excellent or good compared with 84% who rate them as fair or poor. Only 31% approve of Mr. Biden’s performance as president; 67% disapprove. A tougher approach to immigration is no deal-breaker: 45% of Hispanics favor making it harder to seek asylum at the southern border, nearly as many as the 47% who oppose it. Ideologically, Hispanics are to the right of the Democratic Party: Only 20% describe themselves as liberal, vs. 44% as moderate, and 30% as conservative.
The fraying of the Biden coalition is evident in the swing states as well. Four years ago, Mr. Biden prevailed in six of the seven swing states, losing only North Carolina. Now he trails in six of them, according to the RealClearPolitics polling averages, leading only in Pennsylvania. Mr. Trump leads by 7.7 points in Nevada, 6.5 in Georgia, 5.7 in North Carolina and 5.5 in Arizona. Wisconsin remains within reach, with Mr. Trump’s edge at 1 point.
This leaves Michigan, which may be pivotal. Mr. Biden carried it in 2020 by 2.8 points but now trails by 3.6. If he loses in the South and Southwest, he will need Michigan to prevail. If he can’t overcome the current discontent in Michigan over his support for Israel’s campaign in Gaza, Hamas’s brutal attack could end up returning Mr. Trump to the Oval Office.
Eight months is an eternity in presidential politics, and Mr. Biden’s standing could improve. If the inflation rate continues to fall, triggering interest-rate cuts, the recent improvement in the public’s assessment of the economy could accelerate. The president could announce a bold new policy that stanches the bleeding at the southern border. He may be able to engineer a cease-fire in the Middle East that takes the pictures of death and destruction off the front pages. The House and Senate may come to an agreement on further aid to Ukraine that would salvage a pillar of the president’s foreign policy. On the other side of the ledger, a torrent of Democratic attack ads could remind tuned-out swing voters why they booted Mr. Trump out of office after one term. His conviction of a felony could swing the election to Mr. Biden.
This leaves the president’s age, a focus of much recent polling and agitated discussion among Democratic insiders. Only Mr. Biden can mute this concern. He must deliver a forceful State of the Union address, campaign vigorously, accept media interviews he has ducked up to now, and debate Mr. Trump this fall.
By declining to stand down at age 81, Mr. Biden has assumed a historic responsibility—to his party, his country and the world. The cost of failure would be incalculable.