scientistsScientists? Or do you mean bureaucrats with a large per diem?
Peter Ben Embarek Who’s top expert on zoonotic diseases with two decades of experience and Marion Koopmans, an expert on virology
scientistsScientists? Or do you mean bureaucrats with a large per diem?
What exactly did he learn visiting bathhouses?Yep just the scientific method in action. Its research like that that has provided a cure for the STDs caught by people at this site.
scientists
Peter Ben Embarek Who’s top expert on zoonotic diseases with two decades of experience and Marion Koopmans, an expert on virology
Violent attacks went up in a lot of places last year. In LA County in 2020 there were 15 anti-Asian hate crimes filed while there were 57 anti-Hispanic hate crimes but yea let's just focus on the anti-Asian crimes because it fits you TDS and hate. Another thing you ignore is that several of the videos being shown of elderly Asians be attacked were attacked by black assailants. But now I'm going to be accused of being a racist for pointing out that little detail. Just like Blacks and Hispanics Blacks and Asians tend to have problems getting along as well. But we're not allowed to talk about these social issues without being labeled a racist. Quit listening to your MP3 messages at night and try going for a walk and get some fresh air.you push the China Hoax that have lead to attacks on Asian Americans
where you spent your weekendsWhat exactly did he learn visiting bathhouses?
lol you don't think the anti-Hispanc attacks were based on Trump's speeches and actions against immigrants, you remember his raving about Mexican rapists.Violent attacks went up in a lot of places last year. In LA County in 2020 there were 15 anti-Asian hate crimes filed while there were 57 anti-Hispanic hate crimes but yea let's just focus on the anti-Asian crimes because it fits you TDS and hate. Another thing you ignore is that several of the videos being shown of elderly Asians be attacked were attacked by black assailants. But now I'm going to be accused of being a racist for pointing out that little detail. Just like Blacks and Hispanics Blacks and Asians tend to have problems getting along as well. But we're not allowed to talk about these social issues without being labeled a racist. Quit listening to your MP3 messages at night and try going for a walk and get some fresh air.
check a calendar, it ain't 1930Read a little history man. All sorts of respectable scientists, journalists and intellectuals visited Joe Stalin's Soviet Union during the 1930's. And were they impressed. With few exceptions they came back and told us how great it was. A regular workers paradise on earth. Meanwhile Uncle Joe was murdering millions of Ukrainians and making deals with Hitler.
What's the term that described people like you during the Cold War? Oh that's right they were called "useful idiots".
Everyone forgets this aspect of human immune response. BTW, T Cells are a much more important part of immunity then antibodies. For one, educating your T Cells to the pathogen can last a lifetime.
What are your thoughts on the safety of the Covid vaccine?Memory cells are B cells, they produce antibodies and T cells. Neither are more important, they're just different and both are needed for an effective immune response along with many other cells and systems.
The immune response is generally in two phases, innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is a general response to something the body recognizes as a pathogen, but non-specific and therefore not totally efficient. The adaptive immune response is a target response to a recognized target that is much more efficient. After the adaptive response, the memory T cells and memory B cells remain in case of reintroduction of the same pathogen to activate the targeted response more quickly and limit exposure to the pathogen.
The purpose of immunization is to mimic what actual infection does and let the body start developing the memory cells without having to become ill. The "side effects" most people experience with vaccination are the immune system creating this response.
Some pathogens do not change much over time and the immune system very efficiently eliminates it before it can cause any damage (ie measles, mumps, rubella). The result of that is immunity. Some change rapidly and quickly so the response created by the vaccine is more specific than the innate response, but not as efficient as responses to other pathogens. The result is that people don't generally develop full immunity, but vaccination has been shown to reduce disease course, severity, and risk of complications (ie influenza).
We don't know which COVID will be, although early data seems to favor relatively strong immunity. What we are missing is long term data regarding what happens when we expose a virus like COVID to a stimulus like widespread vaccination. We don't yet fully know the mutagenic potential which will determine how often vaccination may need a booster or needs repeating if ever.
What are your thoughts on the safety of the Covid vaccine?
A lot of people are hesitant to get the vaccine because there is no track record. What do you say to that?
scientists
Peter Ben Embarek Who’s top expert on zoonotic diseases with two decades of experience and Marion Koopmans, an expert on virology
check a calendar, it ain't 1930
Sorry you got that STD....tough break.Yep just the scientific method in action. Its research like that that has provided a cure for the STDs caught by people at this site.
Memory cells are B cells, they produce antibodies and T cells. Neither are more important, they're just different and both are needed for an effective immune response along with many other cells and systems.
The immune response is generally in two phases, innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is a general response to something the body recognizes as a pathogen, but non-specific and therefore not totally efficient. The adaptive immune response is a target response to a recognized target that is much more efficient. After the adaptive response, the memory T cells and memory B cells remain in case of reintroduction of the same pathogen to activate the targeted response more quickly and limit exposure to the pathogen.
The purpose of immunization is to mimic what actual infection does and let the body start developing the memory cells without having to become ill. The "side effects" most people experience with vaccination are the immune system creating this response.
Some pathogens do not change much over time and the immune system very efficiently eliminates it before it can cause any damage (ie measles, mumps, rubella). The result of that is immunity. Some change rapidly and quickly so the response created by the vaccine is more specific than the innate response, but not as efficient as responses to other pathogens. The result is that people don't generally develop full immunity, but vaccination has been shown to reduce disease course, severity, and risk of complications (ie influenza).
We don't know which COVID will be, although early data seems to favor relatively strong immunity. What we are missing is long term data regarding what happens when we expose a virus like COVID to a stimulus like widespread vaccination. We don't yet fully know the mutagenic potential which will determine how often vaccination may need a booster or needs repeating if ever.
Great summary. Is it true that even if the pathogen mutates if it doesn't drift to far away from the original pathogen the T cell defense can at least take the edge off any resulting illness? That instead of being hospitalized or dying maybe all a patient experiences is mild to moderate symptoms?
Is it reasonable to call it a partial recognition and defense?
Yep just the scientific method in action. Its research like that that has provided a cure for the STDs caught by people at this site.